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Vitex agnus-castus
''Vitex agnus-castus'', also called vitex, chaste tree, chasteberry, Abraham's balm,〔''New English Dictionary'', ''s.v.'' "Chaste-tree".〕 lilac chastetree, or monk's pepper, is a native of the Mediterranean region. It is one of the few temperate-zone species of ''Vitex'', which is on the whole a genus of tropical and sub-tropical flowering plants.〔David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book'' third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK.〕 Theophrastus mentioned the shrub several times, as ''agnos'' (άγνος) in ''Enquiry into Plants''.〔Pliny reports that some Greeks called it ''lygos'', others ''agnos''.〕 ''Vitex'', its name in Pliny the Elder, is derived from the Latin ''vieo'', meaning to weave or to tie up, a reference to the use of ''Vitex agnus-castus'' in basketry.〔Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. ''CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names'' volume I, page 91. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8 (set).〕 Its macaronic specific name repeats "chaste" in both Greek and Latin, and considered to be sacred to the goddess Hestia/Vesta.
Confusion with ''Vitex'' on the part of early settlers in the West Indies may have given to ''Ricinus communis'' the name "Castor-oil plant".〔Coats (1964) 1992.〕 Or the name "castor oil" might have come from its use as a replacement for castoreum.〔http://www.billcasselman.com/cwod_archive/beaver_castor_two.htm〕
It has been long believed to be an anaphrodisiac but its effectiveness remains controversial.
== Cultivation ==
''Vitex agnus-castus'' is widely cultivated in warm temperate and subtropical regions for its delicate-textured aromatic foliage and butterfly attracting〔Soule, J.A. 2012. Butterfly Gardening in Southern Arizona. Tierra del Soule Press, Tucson, AZ〕 spikes of lavender flowers in late summer in cooler climates. It grows to a height of 1–5 meters. It requires full sun or partial shade along with well-drained soil. Under ideal conditions it is hardy to USDA Zone 7, on the south shore of Long Island and Nantucket on the East Coast of North America and in the southwest of England.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= Vitex Agnus-Castus Profile )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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